Classification of Class: Aves, Sparrow, Crow, Parrot, Woodpecker

Title:- To study the classification with reasons of the following:-

Class: Aves, Sparrow, Crow, Parrot, and Woodpecker

General characteristics of class Aves:

1. The body is boat-shaped and divisible into Head, neck, and tail.
2. Skin is thin and dry, except for oil glands on the tail.
3. Beak claws have a horny sheath. Teeth are absent.
4. Endoskeleton is fully ossified, but they are delicate and light due to air cavities and sacs of Spongy nature.
5. There are two pairs of limbs. Forelimbs are modified into wings for flight and bear three digits each. Hind limbs are large and strong.
6. The mouth has a wide gap. The alimentary canal leads into a cloaca. The stomach is divided into the proventriculus and gizzard.
7. Lungs are spongy and non-distensible.
8. The heart is four-chambered, no sinus venosus and truncus arteriosus; only the right systemic arch is Present.
9. The brain is large, and the olfactory lobes are reduced. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
10. Eyes are well developed with a large pecten.
11. Kidneys are metanephric and three-lobed.
12. Sexes are separate. Fertilization is internal.
13. All birds are oviparous.
14. Birds are homothermic animals.

1. Passer (House Sparrow): 

Phylum: Chordata – Dorsal tubular nerve cord, notochord, and gill-slits are present. 

Group: Craniata – Cranium with brain.

Subphylum: Vertebrata – Vertebral column Present.

Division: Gnathostomata – Jaws are present.

Class: Aves – Warm-blooded, exoskeleton of feathers, forelimbs are modified into wings, a horny beak, a heart with four chambers, oviparous, an embryo with amniotic fluid, allantois, and yolk sac.

Order: Passeriformes – Toes three in front and one behind; adapted for Perching; beak for cutting.

Genus: Passer

Species : domesticus

2. Corvus (Crow):

Phylum: Chordata – Dorsal tubular nerve cord, notochord, and gill-slits are present.

Group: Craniata – Cranium with brain.

Subphylum: Vertebrata – Vertebral column Present.

Division: Gnathostomata – Jaws are present.

Class: Aves – Warm-blooded, exoskeleton of feathers, forelimbs are modified into wings, a horny beak, a heart with four chambers, oviparous, embryo with amniotic fluid, allantois, and yolk sac.

Order: Passeriformes – Toes three in front and one behind; adapted for perching; beaks are adapted for cutting.

Genus: Corvus

Species : splendens

3) Psittacula (Parrot):

Phylum: Chordata – Dorsal tubular nerve chord, notochord, and gill-slits are present. 

Group: Craniata – Cranium with brain.

Subphylum: Vertebrata – Vertebral column present.

Division: Gnathostomata – Jaws are present.

Class: Aves – Warm-blooded, exoskeleton of feathers, forelimbs are modified into wings, a horny beak, a heart with four chambers, oviparous, embryo with amniotic fluid, allantois, and yolk sac.

Order: Psittaciformes – Feathers are green, yellow, or red; beak Stout, sharp-edged, and hooked on the tip: feet zygodactylus (i.e, two toes in front and two toes directed backwardly)

Genus: Psittacula

Species : krameri

4) Dinopium (Woodpecker):

Phylum: Chordata – Dorsal tubular nerve cord, notocord, and gill-slits are present. 

Group: Craniata – Cranium with brain. 

Subphylum: Vertebrata – Vertebral column Present.

Division: Gnathostomata – Jaws are present.

Class: Aves – Warm-blooded, exoskeleton of feathers, forelimbs modified into wings, horny beak, heart with four chambers, embryo with amniotic fluid, allantois and yolk sac, oviparous.

Order: Piciformes – Tail feathers stiff with pointed tips; beak stout, tongue is protrusible; two toes in front and two toes behind.

Genus: Dinopium

Species : benghalense